Sunday, June 28, 2015


Canine Lyme disease is a serious dog illness caused due to infection by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. This bacterium is passed on the dogs through deer tick bites. For successful transmission of the bacteria, the tick has to remain in the dogs skin for at least 1-2 days. As per studies conducted regarding Lyme disease in dogs, it is found that the bacterium is present in the tick's saliva, which is then passed to the dog's bloodstream during bites.

Some of the early Lyme disease symptoms in dogs are high fever, loss of appetite, swelling of the lymph nodes, inflammation of the joints, limping (especially the fore leg) and muscle. As the condition progresses, canine Lyme disease symptoms may include lethargy, lameness, anorexia and lack of body coordination. Very rarely, the infected pet may suffer from neurological disorders. Overall, Lyme disease affects the dog's behavior and activities.

Treatment for Dogs

The diagnosis of Lyme diseases in dogs is done by performing blood tests. For confirmation, the vet may examine the physical symptoms, medical history and the test results. Canine Lyme disease, if diagnosed in the early stages, can be treated effectively. The treatment of Lyme disease in dogs is essential in order to prevent severe health complications. Nevertheless, if the condition of canine Lyme disease is left untreated, there may be permanent damage to the nerves, joints, heart, kidney and other internal organs.

Conventional Lyme disease treatment options include antibiotics along with other medications for the management of symptoms. Effective treatment for Lyme disease in dogs can be achieved only after administering the full antibiotic course for about three to four weeks. Lyme disease vaccine for dogs is available, which helps to prevent recurrent infections by the bacterium.

Vaccine for Dogs

Speaking about the vaccine for dogs, there are basically three types of vaccines, which are approved for use in dogs. Such vaccines are effective for preventing Lyme disease. However, similar to other therapeutic formulations, it is to be noted that these medical formulations do not guarantee the prevention of Lyme disease in dogs. The response of the dog towards the vaccine and the overall health of the pet contribute a lot to complete protection against the disease.

The usage of the vaccine for dogs is very controversial. The immunity period after vaccination is short-term. Some medical studies have revealed that after the dog is vaccinated for Lyme disease, future bites by ticks that carry B. burgdorferi cause untreated Lyme disease symptoms. It is due to the fact that the bacteria undergo mutation after certain generations. Considering these complications, researches are ongoing to formulate Lyme disease vaccine for dogs that are effective for controlling mutated bacteria.

The decision whether the vaccine should be used or not depends on one's own opinion. For safety purposes, consult a qualified vet regarding the pros and cons of the vaccines prior to administering them on your pets. The chances of Lyme disease infestations in dogs can be minimized by controlling the population of deer ticks. The dog owner can make use of safe insecticides that are effective in killing ticks, especially in and around the environment. In addition, regular examination of the pet by a qualified veterinarian and awareness of the symptoms help in reducing the risk of Lyme disease infections in dogs.

Posted on 5:30 PM

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Saturday, June 27, 2015


A few who have lived with dogs will disagree that dogs do not have feelings and they have no trouble acknowledging them. When you are off to work every morning or have to go out somewhere, you have no option but to lock your dog in the apartment. However, what happens when you get back home? Your dog comes running to you and licks your face, doesn't he? In spite of the fact that you locked him alone inside, he eagerly waits for you to come back and welcomes you with immense joy. Dogs indeed are the most loyal and adorable pets to have. They are amazing stress busters as well. However, along with the perks mentioned above, comes a great responsibility of grooming them and regulating their eating habits. To regulate their eating habits is a little tricky, since dogs are very finicky about their food. Even dog food sometimes doesn't seem to please their palate easily. Moreover, some dogs are allergic to few dog foods or the food simply does not go down well with their system. On the other hand, the right mix of best dog foods work in favor of their coat and skin. Some even keep your dog active and energized throughout the day. So, what is the right food mix for your dog?

Given below is a list of top quality dog foods in USA, along with ingredients and a few other important details, which will help you decide the best dog food for your canine.

List of Top 10 Dog Foods in USA

EVO (Red meat)

Ingredients: Beef, lamb, eggs, herring oil, apples, carrots, tomatoes, chicory root, alfalfa sprouts, cottage cheese, sunflower oil, buffalo, potassium chloride, natural flavors, minerals and vitamins.
Weight: Available in 6.6lbs, 13.2lbs, and 28.6lbs bags.
Price: $56 for a 28.6lbs bag.
Brand: Proctor and Gamble
Bottom Line: EVO red meat is gained from the premium quality meats, protein rich and fortified with minerals and vitamins. It is nutrient dense and an energy product. Excellent for skin and coat health.

California Natural (Chicken meal)

Ingredients: Chicken meal, peas, pea fiber, sunflower oil, potassium chloride, chicken fat, natural flavors, minerals and vitamins.
Weight: Available in 5lbs, 15lbs and 30lbs bags.
Price: $22 for a 15lbs pack.
Brand: Proctor and Gamble
Bottom Line: California natural comes with pure and simple nutrition. They are grain free, hence maximizing energy and minimizing the food sensitivities in dogs.

CANIDAE

Ingredients: Brown rice, rice bran, peas, millet, chicken, tomatoes, cracked barley, sunflower oil, lecithin, sage extract, cranberries, blueberries, rosemary extract, flax-seed meal, chicory root, potassium chloride and vitamins (A, D, E, C and B complex).
Weight: Available in 5lbs, 15lbs and 30lbs bags.
Price: $40 for a 30lbs pack.
Brand: CANIDAE Pet Food Company
Bottom Line: Its slogan is "All Natural, High Quality Holistic Pet Food", and actually lives up to it.

Orijen

Ingredients: Chicken, turkey, lake whitefish, sweet potato, whole eggs, salmon meal, sunflower oil, alfalfa, spinach, carrots, peas, black currants, cranberries, blueberries, apples, tomatoes, rosemary extract, chondroitin sulfate, sea salt and licorice root.
Weight: Available in 5lbs, 15lbs and 30lbs bags. It also comes in a trial pack of 0.8lbs.
Price: $65 for a 30lbs bag.
Brand: Champion Pet Foods
Bottom Line: Orijen has won the "Pet Food of the Year 2009 - 2010". The catch phrase of this product being, the way dogs are supposed to eat.

Natural Balance (Reduced calorie formula)

Ingredients: Chicken, salmon, chicken liver, brown rice, carrots, potatoes, duck, lamb, oat bran, tomato pomace, chicken meal, potatoes, calcium carbonate, parsley, cranberries, carrageenan, yucca schidigera extract, vitamin E supplement, vitamin C, vitamin B6, vitamin A supplement, vitamin B12 supplement and vitamin D3 supplement.
Weight: Available in 5lbs, 15lbs and 28lbs packs.
Price: $30 for a 15lbs bag.
Brand: Natural Balance Pet Foods
Bottom Line: Natural balance is a very good choice for your dog's overall nutritional requirements. It is the perfect formula for overweight dogs.

Wellness (Original formula)

Ingredients: Chicken, oatmeal, canola oil, ground barley, salmon meal, tomatoes, carrots, spinach, apples, sweet potatoes, rye, blueberries, flax-seed and minerals (zinc, iron, copper and potassium chloride).
Weight: Available in 4lbs, 12lbs and 26lbs bags.
Price: $55 for a 26lbs pack.
Brand: Old Mother Hubbard Company
Bottom Line: This formula is a protein rich one and grain free, without excess calories or minerals.

Merrick

Ingredients: Oatmeal, chicken, turkey, flax-seed, whole brown rice, barley, dried carrots, dried peas, dried apples, calcium carbonate, sea salt, blueberries, cranberries and vitamins (E and C).
Weight: Available in 5lbs, 15lbs and 30lbs bags.
Price: $50 for a 30lbs pack.
Brand: Merrick Pet Foods, Inc.
Bottom Line: Merrick's trademark phrase is "simple, nutritious and healthy products", and they totally live up to it and are truly holistic foods for the price.

NOW! (Adult dog formula)

Ingredients: Turkey, potato, pea, apple, whole dried egg, pea fiber, tomato, potato, flax-seed, canola oil , Vitamin E , natural flavor, salmon, sun-dried alfalfa, carrots, pumpkin, bananas, blueberries, cranberries, raspberries, blackberries, papaya, pineapple, grapefruit, lentil beans, broccoli, spinach, cottage cheese, alfalfa sprouts, dried kelp, flax-seed, vitamins and minerals.
Weight: Available in 1lbs, 6lbs and 25lbs bags.
Price: $20 for a 6lbs pack.
Brand: Petcurean Pet Nutrition
Bottom Line: NOW! is a grain free pet food, strengthened with fresh fruits and vegetables, to add to its rich, quality meats.

Solid Gold (Beef and barley formula)

Ingredients: Beef, pearled barley, brown rice, millet, rice bran, canola oil, fish meal, tomato pomace, flax-seed, natural flavor, taurine, dried chicory root, parsley flakes, pumpkin, almond oil, sesame oil, blueberries, cranberries, carrots, vitamin (E, A, B12 and D).
Weight: Available in 4lbs, 15lbs and 33lbs packs.
Price: $55 for a 33lbs pack.
Brand: Solid Gold Health Products for Pets, Inc.
Bottom Line: Produced by America's leading company in holistic pet nutrition, it is the perfect dog food for moderately active adult dogs.

Innova

Ingredients: Turkey, chicken meal, barley, brown rice, potatoes, rice, chicken fat, flax seeds, herring oil, apples, carrots, tomatoes, pumpkin, eggs, chicory root, alfalfa sprouts, cottage cheese, sunflower oil, buffalo, potassium chloride, natural flavors, minerals and vitamins.
Weight: Available in 2.2 lbs, 6 lbs, 15 lbs and 30lbs packs.
Price: $43 for a 30lbs pack.
Brand: Proctor and Gamble
Bottom Line: Healthful ingredients and includes fresh fruits and vegetables. A well-balanced nutrition for all stages of a dog's life.

Disclaimer: Please note that the prices mentioned above may vary according to location and offers available.

Pick one from these as they all have received excellent dog food ratings and reviews. After all, your dog deserves the best to grow well and remain healthy!

Posted on 10:09 AM

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Congestive heart failure in dogs is a slow process, in which the heart fails to provide the body with adequate blood circulation. The heart slowly becomes weak and slowly the other organs of the body also cease to work. Congestive heart failure in dogs is common in older dogs and is sometimes genetic. You may never observe any signs of heart trouble for many months or years. The dog may one day suddenly collapse when the body fails to take any more strain.

Symptoms
The symptoms depends on the underlying disease and you should watch out for the warning signs. The dog may show decreased levels of activity. There may be intermittent coughing after the dog is excited or exerted. You may also observe the dog coughs more often in night and may pace around restlessly and find sleeping difficult.

The other symptoms the dog may develop are signs of appetite, rapid breathing and abdominal swelling with excessive weight loss. The dog may show signs of pulmonary edema, an indication of left ventricle failure. This is due to the weakened heart that is no longer able to pump the blood efficiently. The blood builds up in the lungs, liver, legs, etc., and the increased vein pressure causes it to leak into the lungs and peritoneal cavity. This leads to coughing and the dog coughs up a bubbly red fluid due to fluid retention in the smaller airways.

If the stomach is swelled up or pot-bellied (ascites), it may be an indication of right ventricle failure. The legs may also swell, that is known as dependent edema. Right sided heart failure will be seen with accumulation of fluid in the chest cavity called pleural effusion.

When the dog is suffering is in the late stage of congestive heart failure, you will find the dog siting with his elbows spread and the head in extended position. While standing the dog may stand with his front legs wide apart and the neck lowered and extended. This helps the dog to allow more air into the lungs. The pulse is rapid, thready and breathing labored. The gums and tongue turn blue or gray and you may feel a thrill over the chest. The dog may also suffer from fainting spells when over exerted.

Prognosis
You may see no symptoms during the early stages of congestive heart failure. When the symptoms do start appearing, the condition will be in its later stages. The life expectancy of a dog in the later stages is no more than six months after the diagnosis.

Diagnosis
The congestive heart failure in dogs is mostly detected with the help of electrocardiogram. This helps the vet diagnose any abnormality in the dogs heart. The vet may carry out ultrasound to detect an enlarged heart and a simple x-ray is also used to detect congestive heart failure.

Treatment
The congestive heart failure is an underlying condition that is very rarely cured. In small dog breeds and toy dogs the common cause is chronic valvular disease with mitral regurgitation. Dilated cardiomyopathy is the main cause of congestive heart failure in large breed dogs. The vet may recommend diuretics to help remove the excess fluid in the lungs or abdomen.

ACE inhibitors are prescribed to open up the constricted blood vessels that are used for hypertension and congestive heart failure. Low sodium diet supplements and regular exercises may also help in giving the dog a 'normal' life.

The vet may prescribe a number of other medications that may help relieve the underlying cause of congestive heart failure in dogs. You should visit the vet more frequently than ever before, till the dog is stabilized health-wise. You should take good dog care to help the dog live longer and feel better. You should try and improve the quality of life of the animal. The dog has always been by your side all his life, it is time you stay by his side when he needs you the most.

Posted on 4:58 AM

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Friday, June 26, 2015


Eating unhealthy foods and not working out is not only bad for humans it is also bad for dogs. If your dog is not fed healthy food and is just lazing around the house 24/7, it is going to get sick. Dogs are very dear to their owners, most of them treat them as their own family members. So to ensure that your dog doesn't become weak and becomes a victim to all the dog illnesses in the air there are some things which dog owners need to follow.

Ways to Keep Your Dog Healthy and Happy

Watching and taking care of dogs is just like taking care of your own children. These cute pets require constant love and care of their masters and if you want them to live a long and happy life, implementing the following ideas to keep your pet dog healthy is the perfect thing to do.

Healthy Food
To be healthy, dogs needs to have good food. Nutrition is of utmost importance when you talk about leading a healthy lifestyle. The dog's diet is of prime importance as it is responsible for its proper growth and overall development. Feed the dog only FDA approved dog food brands and make sure the dog does not eat chocolates and oily food. Consumption of such unhealthy foods may make the dog overweight. Always keep a close watch on the physical appearance of the dog, check its coat, its eyes, its teeth, its weight and the energy level.

Vaccination
All dog owners should take their dogs to the vet after regular intervals. It is important that the pet receives the recommended vaccines at a young age so that it can be protected against a variety of diseases. Make sure you go to a vet who is experienced and is friendly with your pet.

Regular Exercise
No one wants a lethargic and a downcast dog. Healthy food will not make the dog healthy until the animal doesn't get its regular dose of exercise. Taking your dog for long walks daily is great exercise for the animal. Let your dog play with other canines in the neighborhood, mixing with other dogs is considered healthy. Playing catch with your dog is a refreshing exercise. You can also teach the dog some tricks of your own, this will make your pet strong and flexible. If you reside in an urban area where there's a shortage of parks and play areas, you can buy a dog treadmill to ensure your pet gets enough exercise.

Make Your Home Safe
It is important that you provide an animal safe environment for your pet. Never leave knives or sharp tools on the floor or anywhere where your pet dog can reach it. It is important that you make your home safe for your pet. If your pet dog is living in his own kennel on your lawn, make sure that there are no protruding nails.

The Teeth
Have you recently smelled your dog's breath? If you found it weird then it is time that you have a closer look at your dog's teeth and diet. When your dog's teeth and gums get attacked by tartar your canine can get very sick. So take the necessary precautions before it is too late, brush your dog's teeth and gums properly and give them an oral and dental rinse. You can also fix an appointment with a dog grooming center that specializes in maintaining the hygiene of your dog's teeth.

Parasitic Infections
Fleas, ticks, tapeworms and mites easily make your dog's body their home. Their dwelling can cause skin infections, hair loss and various types of allergies for dogs. Not administering proper medical care may result in serious health conditions for your beloved pet. Hence it's good to check your dog's hair now and then.

Unconditional Love
This is one thing that you can do anytime you want, give your dog your unconditional love and support. Make sure your dog is happy with the way you treat it. Pat the animal on the back if it did something good and have control over if it is taking undue advantage. Giving your dog presents now and then is also a good idea to show your love. Surprising it with a bone or a new collar is a great idea.

I hope this article has answered your question on how to keep your dog healthy. Just follow the above given steps and your dog will live happily for many years to come and fill your heart with lots of happy memories.

Posted on 9:32 AM

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Wednesday, June 24, 2015


Heart murmur is a cardiac problem which occurs in dogs, as a result of turbulence in the blood flow. This disorder is mostly found in young dogs. The 'heart murmur' can be heard in the form of blood flowing in the heart and the blood vessels adjacent to it. The degree or intensity of the problem is influenced by various factors such as the physical state and health of the dog. It is generally seen that the murmur in the heart stops, as the dog grows up. The heart murmur, in many cases, may also require medications and surgical treatment.

Causes of Canine Heart Murmur
Leakage in the valves present in the heart, is one of the important reasons behind heart murmur in dogs. Mitral valve dysplasia is a condition in which the valve leaks and results into heart murmur. Ventricular septal defect is a condition in which holes are present in the walls of the chambers that pump blood. When a puppy is in the phase of rapid growth, the level of cardiac output is raised, which results into an increase in the velocity of the blood flow. The turbulence that is created due to the rise in velocity, results into heart murmur. There many other reasons behind the turbulence caused by the rise in blood flow. The value of blood viscosity becomes high, due to anemia or fever. It is also a cause behind the turbulence. Pulmonary stenosis, is a condition in which the outflow from the right ventricle creates turbulence as a result of the narrowing of the pulmonary artery. A similar condition in which the aorta becomes narrow is known as the aortic stenosis.

Dog Heart Murmur Symptoms
Dogs with heart murmurs don't exhibit any kind of well-defined symptoms. The general symptoms that show up in this cardiac disorder, are fainting spells, lack of oxygen that might cause the dog to collapse, a slowdown in the regular activities and increased panting even when the dog is resting. The tongue and the gums develop a bluish tinge, if the dog is suffering from heart murmur. The dog might also exhibit problems in breathing and coughing is also observed sometimes.

Diagnosis of Heart Murmur
Most of the time, a thorough physical examination is enough to understand the condition of the dog and confirm the occurrence of heart murmur. However, a few tests such as chest X-ray, heart ultrasound and blood tests need to be conducted. The heart ultrasound test proves to be of a great help as it allows an insight into the actual cause and the depth of the problem. Any kind of underlying causes that result into major problems, are also detected with the help of a heart ultrasound.

Canine Heart Murmur Treatment
The canine heart murmurs could be either benign or acquired. For the proper treatment of the disorder, a thorough examination of the dog is carried out. It determines whether the heart murmur is benign or acquired. The benign heart murmur doesn't need any kind of treatment. This minor form of heart murmur is treated by providing a low sodium diet to the dog. Medications used for the treatment of heart murmur are Enalapril, Lasix or Benazepril. Medications are used to lower the blood pressure and to increase the strength of contractions in the heart. In critical situations, surgery remains the only option to treat the damaged valves present in the heart.

Heart murmur found in younger dogs, is mostly congenital, while the older dogs exhibit heart murmur associated with valve diseases. One of the common disease in dogs, heart murmur can be cured with the help of proper treatment and care.

Posted on 3:34 PM

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Sunday, June 21, 2015


Every pet owner will agree with me that you cannot have a better companion than a pet. You love to see them doing all naughty things. They keep you happy, cheerful and relaxed all the time. Pet care is the sole responsibility of the owner. However, just providing them with food, water, bedding, and toys is not enough. Their safety is equally important. You may invite a lot of trouble if you do not create a pet-friendly home. After all, you cannot keep a constant watch on them. Rather, you should take some needful measures that can prevent any harm to your lovable pet.

Tips for a Pet-Friendly Home

You are aware of the traits of your pets. Depending on their temperaments, needs and demands, you have to make some changes in your home in order to ensure both the pet and the owner live comfortably in the same house. Here are a handful of useful tips for creating a pet-friendly home:

Create Personal Space for Them: Designate an area inside the house exclusively for your pets. Here, they can spend their lone time and relax themselves. Ideally, it should be located near the entrance door so that they do not have to roam around the entire house to reach there. Keep all such items which they need like food, water, pet bedding, and some toys for their entertainment in this area.

Keep Your Home Clean: You have to ensure that your home is free from dirt, debris, allergens, and pet hair, to keep your pet and other family members healthy. For this, regular vacuum cleaning of every nook and corner of the house is a must. The floors, especially their feeding area, should be disinfected daily. If the floors get contaminated with animal excretions, you must clean it up and disinfect the area immediately, as it can be a carrier of several germs. While selecting cleaning products for your home, make sure you pick up the one which does not have any component that can cause harm to the pets.

Opt for Pet-Friendly Home Decor: Pet owners have to take care of certain things while decorating their house too. As far as a pet-friendly flooring option is concerned, a hard surface like a concrete floor, ceramic tiles and brick flooring are preferred, as they are scratch-resistant and easy to maintain too. You can have hardwood floors, provided you do not have large dogs at home. Avoid using carpets on the floors as stains and odors are easily absorbed in them. When it comes to the color scheme for the interior walls, dark shades are a better option, as the signs of dirt are easily visible on light wall colors. Shelves and tables with a low height should not be kept in the house, as pets can access any objects kept on them.

Use Stain-Resistant Fabrics All Over the House: You know it very well that no matter how much you try, you cannot prevent pet stains. Therefore, it is advisable to use stain-resistant, washable fabric for the curtains, upholstery, slip covers, bed sheets, etc. Cover up the chairs and sofas with heavy fabric like denim or canvas. Even leather and ultra suede upholstery are quite popular among pet owners. If your pet sleeps with you, then you should use easily washable cotton bed sheets with medium or dark colors, to hide pet stains.

Secure the Windows: This holds true particularly if you live in a high-rise building. As your pet is active, it may accidentally fall from the window. Therefore, you have to take care of the safety of your pet the way you take care of a small child or an elderly member of your family. If possible, keep the windows shut. Otherwise, install a sturdy screen to secure them. Window guards can also prevent falls of large-sized pets. Do not use vertical blinds or any other window treatments with long cords, as the pet may get strangulated. Curtains and valances are the safer options available with you.

Keep Household Items Organized: You cannot afford to leave household items around the house, as your pet can make a mess in no time. They may chew up newspaper, books and plastic bags too. Pets get attracted to toys and they often break or chew them while playing with them. So ask your kids to keep the toys out of the reach of the pets. Smaller items like thread, needles, staples, coins, and medicines should not be kept within their reach. If they swallow up such objects, it can be dangerous for them. For the same reason, you should keep sharp tools and instruments away from them.

Protect Them from Poisonous Substances: Pets often get poisoned by regular household cleaners, disinfectants, paints, insecticides, fertilizers, etc. Keep all such harmful substances in closed cabinets only, so that the pets are not exposed to them even accidentally. A few houseplants such as lilies, aloe vera, and caladium are dangerous for the pets. If you have these plants at home, place them on a higher ground level.

Block Those Areas Where Pets' Entry is Prohibited: There are some areas in your house where you do not want your pet to gain access to, like the bathroom where you keep cleaners and other such items that contain harsh chemicals. Similarly, the kitchen area can be dangerous because of the stove burner, as animals are attracted to fire. In such instances, you must keep the doors of these rooms closed and put child-proof latches on them. While cleaning a room or working in the garage, you would want to prohibit their entry to these areas temporarily, until you have finished your work. In that case, you can use a child gate.

Before you bring in a new pet into your home, or you are moving into a new house with your family and pets, it is your responsibility to make it pet-friendly, with the help of the tips given in this article. Thus, you can ensure safety and comfort for this very special member of your household.

Posted on 11:35 PM

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By Carol Johnson

More than 650 million exotic animals were imported legally into the United States during the past three years, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Millions more animals are smuggled across the borders illegally. The $10 billion-a-year black market for illegal exotic animals is second only to illegal drugs. Most of those animals are brought into the country with very little or no screening at all for disease. The government employs just 120 screeners to evaluate the millions of animals that enter the country. Disease control experts say the risk to public health posed by these animals could potentially be greater than that of a terrorist act.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, at least 75% of all emerging infectious threats in the U.S. are found in zoonotic diseases-illnesses that jump from animals to humans. Five of the six diseases the CDC regards as being top threats to national security are zoonotic. The Journal of Internal Medicine estimates that 50 million people worldwide have been infected with zoonotic diseases since 2000 and over 75,000 have died.

Demand for exotic wildlife is booming, thanks in large part to Hollywood stars and television exposure. Parents seeking to get their children the latest in exotic pets discount the importance of screening, and by doing so open their homes to potentially life-threatening diseases. "A wild animal will be in the bush, and in less than a week it's in a little girl's bedroom," said Darin Carroll, a disease hunter with the CDC.

For three years, Carroll has traveled around the world tracing the origins of a monkeypox outbreak in 2003 that sickened scores of people in the Midwest. The disease is believed to have spread to people from rodents imported from Africa. Although no one died, researchers need to learn more about the disease so they will be equipped to stop a future outbreak should one occur.

Recent statistics of bacteria and viruses jumping from animals to humans paint a serious picture of the threat. More than 770 people have become ill in the past six years from tularemia, a virulent disease that can be contracted from rabbits, hamsters, and other rodents. Hantavirus, another rodent-borne virus, can cause acute respiratory illness or death and has killed at least 93 people in the last decade and sickened over 300 people. More than 210,000 Americans became ill between 2000 and 2004 with salmonella, and at least 89 died. Most salmonella infections come from contaminated food, but up to 5% have been linked to pets such as iguanas and turtles. Last year, at least 30 people in 10 states were sickened by a drug-resistant form of salmonella linked to hamsters and other trendy "pocket pets."

One of the newest threats from animal viruses is tied to a small carnivorous mammal with sharp teeth that is all the rage among celebrities and exotic pet collectors. The kinkajou, a nocturnal tree-dwelling animal from Central and South America's rain forests, cannot be completely domesticated and has a particularly dangerous bite. Socialite Paris Hilton learned this the hard way this past summer, when her pet kinkajou "Baby Luv" bit her on the arm. Hilton was lucky that she just had to endure a trip to the ER. Last summer a zookeeper in England was bitten by a kinkajou on the wrist, and the infection almost caused her to lose her fingers.

The more than 210 million animals imported legally into the U.S. last year for zoos, food, research, exhibitions, game ranches, and exotic pets included fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Imported mammals captured in the wild include macaque monkeys, wallabies, chinchillas, and kangaroos. But only wild birds, primates, and some cud-chewing mammals are required to be quarantined upon their arrival in the U.S. The rest are all shuffled through with no diseases screening, except for occasional checks for ticks.

Paul Arguin, a CDD expert on exotic animal imports, says, "Taking an animal from the wild and putting it in your child's bedroom is just not a good idea. We just don't know a lot about the diseases these animals carry." In addition to Hantavirus, rodents can carry Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, a new strain of which was discovered in 1990 in some primates. During the 1990s, desert rodents called jerboas were imported from Egypt into Texas as pets, and many of the new owners became ill with a strange rash that doctors could not identify or treat.

Even when exotic animals are screened, dangerous loopholes abound. Thousands of monkeys are imported each year for research from China, Vietnam, Indonesia, and other countries around the world. Although the monkeys are quarantined for 31 days and checked for tuberculosis, they aren't tested for anything else unless they appear to be sick. However, monkeys can carry dangerous viruses and bacteria that don't make them sick but can kill humans. For example, about 80-90% of all adult macaque monkeys carry the herpes B virus without being harmed by it. But humans infected with herpes B can suffer severe neurological damage or death. Although the CDD has prohibited the importation of most monkeys as pets since 1975, some macaques imported for research are now being sold on the open market, because the government doesn't track where animals go after they finish quarantine.

Smugglers are getting more and more resourceful in sneaking animals into the country, and there is no single agency responsible for overseeing all legal imports. The CDC is responsible for ensuring the quarantine of imported monkeys; the Agriculture Department is responsible for livestock health and the quarantine of wild birds and wild cud-chewing animals; and the Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for stopping smuggled wildlife and enforcing laws designed to protect exotic species. "The three agencies don't work together," said Cathy Johnson-Delaney, a veterinarian who advised the Agriculture Department during the early 1990s. "We should be screening all critters coming into the U.S. We aren't doing this."

Posted on 9:08 PM

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Many of you own pets and love them. And for that very reason, you should be prepared for any emergency that might occur with them. Pet first aid kits are the most beneficial things. Don't wait for an emergency to get a first aid kit. Be prepared now and save yourself and your pet from getting into any major trouble.

Basic Pet First Aid Procedure
  • Check the pulse. It should be regular and easy to locate. For small-sized dogs it should be 90-120 bpm (beats per minute), for medium-sized dogs 70-110 bpm and for large dogs, it should be 60-90 bpm. For cats it should be 150-200 bpm. For birds it varies from 198 bpm to 1000 bpm depending upon the species.
  • Check the body temperature. Normal canine temperature ranges between 100.5F to 102.5F. For birds the range is 104F to 108F.
  • In case of fractures, put cotton padding around it and wrap with a magazine or rolled newspaper. Put splints that extend to the joints above and below the fractured area.
  • Do not attempt to adjust the fractured bone. Immobilize the pet if it's rib, spine or hips have been injured. Different types of muzzles are used for cats and pet dogs. Birds and other smaller mammals can be restrained by gently wrapping them in a towel or a rag. Keep your hands away from the beaks.
  • In case of external bleeding, press a thick cotton pad over the wound till bleeding stops. If bleeding is internal i.e., from the nose, mouth or rectum, keep the pet warm and quiet. If it is unconscious, keep its head on the same level as the rest of the body.
A first aid kit is used to treat any minor injury to the pets or to aid them in case of major ones. The basic kit can be used for dogs, cats, horses or birds. Let's see what a dog first aid kit must have. It must be present in the house as well as in your car. Its location should be fixed and known to all. Consider all possible emergencies that can occur and assemble the dog first aid kit accordingly. Get a regular checkup done to find out any health problems beforehand. The main aim of a first aid kit is to save a life and prevent further physical and physiological injury. Keep calm and try to calm down your dog too.

What to Include in the Dog First Aid Kit

First aid kit must include the following things:
  • Sterile gauze sponges
  • Sterile cotton or cotton balls
  • A mild anti-bacterial soap for cleaning skin and wounds
  • Bandage scissors
  • Blunt-tipped scissors (used for cutting hair around the wound)
  • Antiseptic ointment, powder or spray for wounds
  • Alcohol swabs (for instrument sterilization)
  • Rubbing alcohol
  • Adhesive tape for bandages
  • Rectal thermometer/Oral thermometer
  • Lubricating jelly to lubricate thermometer
  • Forceps or tweezers
  • Razor blade for snakebite
  • Hydrogen peroxide (to induce vomiting in case of non-caustic poison intake; give 10ml after every 15 minutes)
  • Eye wash
  • Ear syringe (used for flushing eyes, ears and wounds)
  • Instant hot as well as cold compresses
  • Kaopectate tablets (maximum strength)
  • Pepto-Bismol
  • Large exam quality vinyl gloves or latex gloves
  • Burn relief gel pack
  • Insect sting relief pads
  • Buffered analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory medication
  • Oral syringes
  • Large towel
  • Leash
  • Muzzle
  • Dog's health record and medication
  • Regular veterinary and emergency clinic timings and numbers
  • Local and national poison control numbers
Prepackaged kits are also available in the market if you don't want to prepare one. But make sure that they contain all the necessary items before you buy them. If you are making your own kit, use cosmetic boxes or tool boxes for it. Label the box and the supplies. Consult your vet about the dosage and side effects of medicines beforehand. Inform him about any odd behavior you might notice in the dog. Also, regularly check the expiry dates on all the perishables. Prepare the first aid kit now and familiarize yourself with the first aid procedure. It's always better to be safe than sorry.

Posted on 11:53 AM

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Saturday, June 20, 2015


You bring home a cute bundle of joy and try to give him the best you can afford. Apart from the love, care and affection you shower on your little pet, it is important you ensure that he has a healthy life too. You can do so by learning all about what, why, where and when do puppies need shots. Vaccination of puppies is as crucial as vaccinating a human baby. This will help keep diseases and illnesses at bay, and protect your puppy throughout his life. Let us have a look at a puppy shots schedule in the following paragraphs, and learn all about when do puppies need shots.

Why Do Puppies Need Shots
Before we go into the details of when, it is important to understand why. Bringing home a pet dog is not only a feeling full of joy and fun, but also a matter of responsibility. You need to get your pup registered with a vet and get information regarding the puppy shot timeline. Puppies are born with a natural protection from the antibodies they receive from their mother in-utero and from her milk. These antibodies known as Maternally Derived Antibodies (MDA) are only able to protect the puppies for the first few days of their lives. The mother can only pass on the level of immunity to her pups according to her own immunity levels. This means the weakest may remain weak, if not vaccinated. Hence, it is every owner's responsibility to stimulate their pet's natural immunity by providing him with a protective vaccine. Today, one does not need to give the puppy a vaccine for each and every disease and illness. There are vaccines that come in combination and protect against more than one disease, in a single shot. Let us have a look at the list of puppy shots that are a must for every little pup.

List of Puppy Shots
There is a short, but important list of puppy shots that should be given to a canine pet. There are two types of vaccines, core and non-core. The non-core vaccines are those that depend on geographical location of you and your puppy. These vaccines are recommended by the vet according to the potential of these diseases that may infect your dog. The core vaccines are those that have to be compulsorily given to your puppy. Let's have a look at the list of core vaccines, followed by non-core vaccines for your dog. You can also learn a bit about puppy shots cost.

List of Core Vaccines
  • Distemper
  • Canine adenovirus
  • Parvo
  • Rabies
  • Kennel Cough
List of Non-Core Vaccines
  • Adenovirus
  • Coronavirus
  • Leptospirosis
  • Parainfluenza
  • Bordetella
  • Lyme
When Do Puppies Require Shots
Now, coming to the important part - when do puppies require shots. One should vaccinate their pup before they begin to lose their natural immunity. This means, you should give the pup his first shot by the age of 5 weeks. There are different types of vaccines given in a single injection. This includes 5 way or 7 way vaccines. The 5 way vaccine should be given between the age of 6 to 9 weeks. When the pup is about 12 to 15 weeks old, one should think about a 7 way vaccine, and a rabies vaccine as well. Let us have a look at the puppy shot schedule that will help you understand when to give which vaccination to your pup.

Puppy Shot Schedule for Core Vaccines

Puppy Shot Timeline
Age of Puppy Type of Core Vaccines
6 - 8 weeks Distemper, Parvovirus, Hepatitis
9 - 11 weeks Distemper, Parvovirus, Hepatitis
12 - 14 weeks Rabies, Distemper, Parvovirus, Hepatitis

Puppy Shot Schedule for Non-Core Vaccines

Puppy Shot Timeline
Age of Puppy Type of Non-Core Vaccines
6 - 8 weeks Adenovirus, Coronavirus, Leptospirosis, Parainfluenza
9 - 11 weeks Adenovirus, Coronavirus, Leptospirosis, Parainfluenza, Bordetella
12 - 14 weeks Adenovirus, Coronavirus, Leptospirosis, Parainfluenza, Lyme

This is the puppy shot schedule that you need to follow to protect your pet from diseases and illnesses. An adult dog needs annual boosters, and in some cases, requires shots every 3 years. You should speak to the veterinarian regarding when do puppies need shots in detail, and learn the timeline for each vaccine for your pup. For the good health of your puppy and your peace of mind, do make sure you vaccinate your bundle of joy, on time.

Posted on 12:16 PM

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Friday, June 19, 2015


The basic nature of being human cannot be understood better than with the epithets 'kindness', 'conscientiousness' and 'awareness'. Ever since canines have been domesticated, they have positively contributed to the place created for them within human society. In fact, they earned a space within the family structure and rightly so, especially since the availability of the small dogs for adoption! The various natural and man generated breeds have also gone on to gaining recognition for certain tasks and within certain settings. It is undeniable that beyond the use of the larger breeds for hunting and the conscientious ones for cattle rearing, the available small dogs are the trophies!

There is no dearth of dedicated animal lovers who ensure that the investment made in the little dogs by salvaging some and breeding some, is worthwhile. While there are kennels that operate commercially as shelters and facilitate the adoption of the smaller breed of canines, there is a genre of animal enthusiasts who access these resources to add quality to their own lives. Adopting a homeless dog is not just the epitome of kindness. In fact the investment is one in loyalty, devotion and companionship for a lifetime. The time and patience with the animal pays up in form of a pal who never questions your lifestyle and one who is impatient to hug you.

Small dogs available for adoption make the best playmates ever for little children and the elderly too. They are known to bond well with other pets in the family due to their size. Adopting a small dog involves choosing the correct breed according to the space available for the canine within the home and your preference for either an active companion to go hiking with, or a gentle one to be petted. There are small dogs like the Pekingese and even the medium-sized breeds like the Cocker Spaniel that are also referred to as 'toy' dogs. Unlike their larger counterparts -- the German Shepherd and St. Bernard -- small dogs are pretty versatile.

There are a number of dedicated kennel operations that are certified around the globe that make available salvaged or scientifically bred bantam dogs. The toy dogs are cute and gentle and can be easily trained to be sociable. There are hundreds of breeds available, but in the case of small dogs, you need to consider the fact that the animal cannot be 'on leash' for long and you would need to condition the dog to a routine. They are also those salvaged from unnerving circumstances or abandoned and hence these petite canines cling to the new owner for acceptability and love.

Small dogs are perfect for adoption when considering the elderly and invalid. These breeds are known to make great companions. The Affenpinscher, Beagle, Dachshund, Fox Terrier, Boston Terrier, Poodle, Pomeranian, Pug and Scottish Terrier are all toy or bantam dogs. Small . . . yes, but definitely not delicate! They may be diminutive in size, but they are bold and aggressive and good watch dogs. It hardly matters whether your lifestyle is active or sedentary; these canines become part and parcel of your life. Small-sized dogs are cheaper to look after and not at all messy. They are known to take on other canines five times their size, if need be.

The adoption of small dogs should be considered after the training possibilities, fitness level, age and health of the dog are taken into account. The most popular small dogs are Chihuahuas, Pugs, Maltese, Yorkies and the absolutely adorable Toy Poodles. They can be accessed via registered and certified online and offline resources and the providers of the canines also make available the necessary guidance to the new owners. It is essential to conduct a little prior research before opting for any small dog breed. The exercise only gets you better geared to meet the fresh 'demands' of the scene stealer in the family!

Posted on 11:49 PM

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Female dogs undergo alternate periods of 'heat' and quiescence after every 8 to 9 months. The heat period is called estrus cycle and is characterized by increased sexual urge. During estrus period the female dog is at her most fertile state as she ovulates and also shows some signs of heat. The diestrus period follows next, in which the female gets impregnated and undergoes hormonal changes to prepare the body for pregnancy. However, sometimes this usual cycle is disrupted and the female undergoes a condition called pseudocyesis, which is nothing but false pregnancy.

Causes

The exact cause of false pregnancy in dogs is not known. However, this condition can be traced back to the time when dogs used to live in packs. During that time, all the females in the pack used to come in heat, but only the alpha female got to mate with the male. Remaining females would still exhibit some of the pregnancy symptoms and would even lactate. This allowed them to nurse the offspring produced by the alpha female.

Technically speaking, hormonal imbalance is supposedly associated with this condition. When there is excess of prolactin and less of progesterone, the dog exhibits some unusual symptoms. False pregnancy is evident if the dog has not been mated in 8 to 12 weeks after estrus and yet exhibits symptoms akin to pregnancy. Oftentimes, the female has such strong nurturing instincts that the body is tricked into believing that she is actually pregnant. If you are sure that your dog has not been fertilized and yet looks as though she is pregnant, then you should probably look for the signs and symptoms of false pregnancy.

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of false pregnancy can be found at physical as well as emotional level. Some of the physical signs include:

The most obvious symptom of false pregnancy is enlarged mammary glands. The teats also swell and become tender.
Oftentimes, the dog may even secrete milk or colostrum. Other symptoms include abdominal swelling and vaginal discharge.
Although, the abdomen does not swell as much as during a real pregnancy, it sure swells to some extent.
The dog may also suffer from morning sickness with occasional bouts of nausea and vomiting. During this period, the dog may exhibit some unusual inclination towards food. Blander food is preferred over usual dog food.
She may have increased appetite with frequent hunger pangs. Conversely, she may go on for days without touching food.
Other pregnancy symptoms such as fatigue, increased urination are also common.

This period can be extremely stressful for your dog. You can pick up subtle signs from her behavior such as those given below.

She exhibits strong maternal instincts by becoming emotionally attached to certain objects like toys, shoes, etc.
She becomes overtly possessive of soft toys, which she treats as her puppies.
She also shows a nesting behavior by dragging papers and blankets to a secluded corner in the house where she intends to build her nest.
She cares for her 'puppies' in this nest and becomes overprotective.

However, this state may cause a lot of confusion and disorientation in her, as she continues to think she is pregnant but there are no real puppies to care for. She secretes milk for her puppies but there are no puppies to suckle on. The absence of puppies can be emotionally challenging for her.

Diagnosing False Pregnancy

False pregnancy in dogs can be diagnosed by a vet through stomach palpation. He examines the stomach of the dog to check if she is really pregnant or not. However, this is not the most reliable method of diagnosing since one cannot feel the presence of puppies in the early state of pregnancy. An ultrasound or X-ray is more reliable in detecting false pregnancies. Some experienced owners can also detect false pregnancies on their own by studying the physical and emotional changes in the dog. False pregnancies tend to reoccur, hence dogs with a history of false pregnancies are easiest to diagnose.

Treatment

The symptoms of false pregnancy subside on their own within 2 to 3 weeks. During this period it is important to keep your dog's behavior in check. Licking mammary glands may lead to even more lactation, hence prevent your dog from doing so. Some vets advise to cut food intake in order to reduce milk production. Some drugs can be used to reduce the milk production, however they are not recommended, for they can cause side effects. Besides, sedatives can be used if the dog shows an uncontrolled aggressive behavior.

False pregnancy is pretty common in dogs and there is nothing to worry about that. However, if there are no physical symptoms other than enlarged glands, then you should consult a vet, as it may be due to some underlying medical condition.

Posted on 9:49 PM

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Thursday, June 18, 2015


Grooming toy poodles can be a tough, yet a fun-filled job. Learning how to groom a toy poodle will be really helpful when you own one. Poodles need to be groomed regularly. After every 5-6 weeks you need to work on their grooming to ensure that they don't feel uncomfortable and also keep looking great. With various techniques, you can turn your toy poodle very attractive. Well, no matter whether you are an expert at this job or just a beginner, here are some tips on grooming a toy poodle puppy to help you.

Tips on Grooming

A Warm Shower
Grooming needs to start with a warm shower. Well of course, your poodle needs a bath everyday. So all you need to do is connect a spray hose to the hot water tap and get ready to give a clean wash to your little pet. The water temperature can be approximately 110 degrees Fahrenheit. Place your poodle in the tub and make sure that you open the drain cover so that the water flows out and does not get collected in the tub. Start spraying water on the entire body of your poodle. Once your poodle is completely wet, pick your favorite dog shampoo on an oval shaped soft sponge to work shampoo on the coat. Work from rear side to the front side, ensure that soapy water does not enter poodle's eyes. Shampoo thoroughly and then spray water to rinse it off completely without leaving any residue in the coat. You can consider second wash for soiled feet or dirty coat and then wrap a thick towel. First dab off excess water and again wrap a thick dry towel.

Trimming the Coat
If the coat is still wet, use a blow dryer to dry off the coat. Now, it's time to decide the best trim. Poodles have thick and long coats which offer a lot of styling options to give them different looks. You need to decide whether the coat needs to be kept short or long. If you are keeping it long, it is best to trim the hair on face, ends of the tail and at the base of legs to ensure that dirt does not get trapped in this hair. You can check out some books and pictures of toy poodles for getting ideas on trim shapes and hairstyles. Using ball tip scissors is a good idea for trimming the coat. Spray water on the hair and comb it well to remove any tangles before you start chopping off the coat. Cut the coat on your dog's head, around ears and chin very short. Be very careful and patient while trimming hair around dog's eyes. Trim rest of the coat according to the decided style.

Ear and Nails
While you have worked on the major part of grooming, it's time to clean ears and clip off the nails. Use cotton balls (not q-tips) and water to clean ears. Clipping nails must be done very carefully to avoid injury. You need to do these two tasks after every 4-6 weeks to ensure that your poodle stays clean and tidy.

Finishing Touch
Once the basic grooming is over, it's time to ready your lovely poodle. Take a soft slicker brush and work it on the coat to style it well. Now use hair accessories to clip or tie up poodle's long hair if your wish to do so. Usually hair near head and ears is tied into ponytails and graced with beautiful accessories. The styling will differ according to the type of cut you have given to your poodle's thick coat.

The poodles have a unique coat that keeps growing long which is also one of the reason of the huge popularity of poodles. Well, this also makes regular hair trimming much essential part of the routine. If you rare not yet ready to work on your poodle's grooming routine you can also hire a professional for the task. Dog saloons also offer great services to nicely groom your poodle and hence remain the best option in case you can't work on the same.

Posted on 10:30 AM

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Like humans, the intestine of the dogs is also a host of both beneficial and harmful microorganisms. Yeast is such a type of harmful unicellular microorganism that commonly resides in the mucous membrane of the digestive tract. A healthy immune system, and beneficial bacteria or microorganisms help to check the population of yeasts in the body. But, a change in the pH of the digestive tract or the intestine can result in the destruction of the beneficial microorganisms. This can provide an opportunity to the yeasts to multiply rapidly and release toxic substances, giving rise to several health problems. The condition becomes more serious, when a weakened immune system fails to regulate the proliferation of yeasts. Yeast infection in dogs is generally caused by two types of yeast, Candida albicans and Malassezia pachydermatis.

Causes of Yeast Infection in Canines

Any factor that can weaken the immune system, and change the pH of the gut can contribute to the uncontrolled growth of yeast. Overuse of antibiotics can result in destruction of the beneficial bacteria, giving a chance to the yeasts for rapid proliferation. Infectious diseases, dog allergies and skin diseases like seborrhea can cause irritation of the skin, and make the dogs more prone to develop this infection. Certain other important factors for yeast infection include use of steroids, canine diabetes, thyroid problems, stress, diseases that compromise the immune system, toxic gut syndrome and medications used for flea and heartworm infestation. Diet can also play an important role, as the incidence of this condition has been found to be more in dogs which are fed on grain based diet, rather than a meat based one.

Symptoms of Yeast Infection in Canines

It typically manifests in skin problems, and ear infection in dogs. Skin of the belly, neck and feet are the most commonly affected by this condition. The most common symptoms are skin irritation and development of skin sore, rash or lesion, which can remain confined to a particular part, or spread throughout the body. Itching or skin irritation will often compel the dogs to scratch or rub the affected area. Eventually, scaling, hair loss and hyper pigmentation can also be observed on the affected area. If it is an ear infection, then you can observe your dog shake its head, and scratch the ear frequently. Occasionally, an overgrowth of yeasts can manifest in gastrointestinal problems like gas and bloating and lethargy, depression and fatigue.

Treating Yeast Infection in Canines

Externally, dog infection can be treated with the application of topical medicated ointments. Miconazole cream, if applied topically on the affected area can provide considerable relief. Sulfur based or medicated shampoos like chlorhexidine can also be used for dog infection treatment. Shampoos that contain benzoyl peroxide can be excellent for giving your dog a bath, to clean the infected areas. Vinegar on the other hand, is an excellent home remedy to give your dog a cleansing bath.

Dog ear yeast infection, on the other hand, can be treated with regular cleaning, and use of ointments such as, thiabendazole, or clotrimazole. Vinegar or acetic acid can also be used to clean the ear of your dog. If the condition is very severe, then application of topical ointment may not be enough for the treatment. In such a situation, you will need the help of oral medications like ketoconazole or itraconazole. Though, they can have some side effects, they are quite effective in curing the condition. But, these oral medications should be administered only under the guidance of a veterinarian.

Along with medications, diet modification is also an important part of the treatment. To check the population of yeast, you should cut down the amount of grain in your pets' diet. Instead, give them raw meat, which is the natural dog food. Some natural or home remedies like apple cider vinegar and lemon juice can also help to regulate the number of yeasts within the digestive tract. Giving probiotic supplements is an effective way to maintain the population of beneficial microorganisms in the intestinal tract, which can help to control the proliferation of yeasts. Dietary enzymes, on the other hand, can maintain the pH of the digestive tract to prevent yeast overgrowth. To sum up, a balanced diet along with physical activities can help to prevent the recurrence of yeast infection in pets.

Posted on 10:07 AM

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Wednesday, June 17, 2015


Skin diseases are one of the most common ailments in dogs. In most cases, skin disorders are caused due to infections and allergic reactions. Dog allergies affect the skin, rather than the respiratory tract observed in humans. The immune system of a dog produces excess antibodies (histamines) after exposure to allergens present in the environment such as pollens, foods and microbes. This overreaction of immune system causes itching and skin disease in dogs. At times, dog skin problems occur as a result of other underlying dog health problems. Hence, coat color and skin condition are often considered as indicators to determine the general health of your pet dog.

Types and Symptoms

Canine skin diseases can be acute (self-limiting) or chronic (long-term). Some dog breeds like Terrier and Retrieversare more prone to skin problems than others. Based on the cause, dog skin disorders are categorized into four major types, namely, bacterial, fungal, parasitic and allergic.

Bacterial Skin Infection
Staph bacteria or Staphylococci is a major causal organism for bacterial skin infection in dogs. The trunk portion and ears are most susceptible to bacterial infection (pyodermas). Nevertheless, symptoms may spread to the whole body of the pet. Some of the common symptoms of bacterial skin infection are rashes, pustules, hot spots, loss of hair in patches and severe itching.

Fungal Skin Infection
Fungal skin infection in dogs is referred to as ringworm. It is often observed in puppies, rather than older dogs. The fungus usually inhabits the skin, nails and hair. Head and legs are commonly affected by ringworm. Loss of hair is one of the early symptoms of fungal skin infection in dogs. If symptoms remain untreated, infection may progress leading to dry and crusty skin lesions.

Parasitic Skin Disease
Dogs are susceptible to various parasites including fleas and dust mites. The disease caused by mites is called mange. Parasitic skin disease can affect any part of the dog's body; common symptoms include crusty skin, irritation in affected areas, itching, lesions, inflammation and loss of hair.

Allergic Skin Disease
This can be caused due to dog food allergy, chemical allergy (present in soaps, detergents), insect bites and stings. Among these, atopic dermatitis is the most common. It is developed due to inhalation of pollutants such as pollens, dust and molds. This can affect dogs at any stage, especially young dogs between one to three years. Symptoms of atopy are rash, scratching, self-biting and itching in the face, ears and foot.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Since there are varied reasons for the cause of canine skin diseases, it is often difficult to evaluate the exact cause of the condition. Diagnosis is usually based on the physical examination and medical history of the affected dog. In order to evaluate any underlying dog diseases, the veterinarian may conduct blood tests, urine and stool analysis and skin biopsy. After correct diagnosis and evaluation of the source of allergy, the veterinarian may prescribe certain medication and remedies for treatment.

Actual treatment of dog skin disease is based on the cause of the skin problem. In case of bacterial skin infection, the vet may prescribe antibiotic course for about three weeks. Other common treatment procedures include topical ointments and medications such as antihistamines (to cope up with the effects of histamines), corticosteroids and immunotherapy. Antihistamines can be used effectively in all age groups, whereas corticosteroids are more effective among young dogs. For older dogs, more strong medications are necessary for the treatment.

If disease is developed due to allergies, the best way to prevent such problems is to avoid exposure to the particular allergy-causing agent. For chronic dog skin diseases, the pet may be required to administer medications throughout its life. In case, a dog displays increased itching or change in behavior, it is advisable to consult and seek the advice of a qualified veterinarian. Timely treatment along with proper dog care is always recommended to avoid other health complications.

Posted on 8:45 AM

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Tuesday, June 16, 2015


When you get a dog or a puppy home, taking care of it is one huge responsibility since you are now the dog owner. Some of the most important aspects about dog care are hygiene, health and food. Since food is the basic necessity of every living being, it is often advised to make sure which foodstuffs are healthy and which are not. Dogs are very playful pets and they love to eat a morsel from their owners plate. Sometimes foods that are healthy for us can be harmful for dogs as they have a very different digestive system and need a large amount of protein for their health. If you've just bought one and are confused about what not to feed dogs, read on to know all about it in the following paragraphs.

Dogs Foods to Avoid

Many dog owners don't see the threats of feeding their dogs with hazardous food as they think it builds up the dogs strength and immunity. They often fail to understand the major difference in the body and health types between humans and animals and treat the dog as one of them. This can cause very harmful situations in the dog's metabolism and sometimes even prove fatal. Given below are some foods that should be strictly avoided while feeding your dog.

Vegetarian Food

There are many vegetables and fruits which every dog owner should be aware of not feeding their dogs. Onions are one such vegetable that can cause sever cases of hemolytic anemia in which the blood fails to carry enough oxygen throughout the dog's body. Grapes and raisins can result in damaging kidneys and can prove fatal if consumed in a large amount. Dry fruits like walnuts cause stomach problems and some can also cause seizures. Green parts of potatoes and tomatoes can lead to problems in many body systems and prove unhealthy.

Peaches and plums can cause obstruction of the digestive system. Salt can cause electrolyte imbalances in the body. Sugary foods like candy and cakes with Xylitol also can cause obesity and other dental problems. Dough which is yeast fermented should also be avoided as it can cause production of gas in the digestive system and cause pain leading to ruptures of the intestines. Mushrooms contain toxins that can affect multiple body systems and cause shock leading to death. Keep you dogs completely away from moldy and spoiled food garbage as that can cause instant vomiting, infections and diarrhea giving rise to poisoning in the body. Cocoa, coffee, tea, and chocolate flavored drinks are also included as they contain theobromine and theophylline which are toxic and affect the heart and nervous systems of the animal.

Non-vegetarian Food

You should avoid many non vegetarian foods like bones from fish, poultry and other meat sources as well as they can cause choking or obstruction of the digestive system. Fat trimmings can cause pancreatitis in dogs and are also included. Large amounts of liver can cause Vitamin A toxicity in them which can affect the muscles and bones in their body. Milk and other dairy products should be given in limited amounts especially to growing pups as they need the nutrients. But if they do not have enough amounts of lactase enzyme that breaks the lactose in milk, even a little amount of milk can cause diarrhea and intolerance. Lactose free milk products are a good option in such cases.

Raw eggs and raw fish can lead to many problems like skin and hair coat diseases, loss of appetite, seizures and many a time even death. Cat food is also included in what foods not to feed dogs as they are very high in protein and many times cannot be digested by dogs. Other harmful and strict foods to be avoided are alcoholic beverages which can cause instant death. Marijuana is also something that no dog owner can feed his dog. Pesticides are also harmful chemicals that should be avoided if you're letting your dog out in the garden at nights. You have to be careful about what your dog eats as being responsible for a life is not a meager thing.

With those foods to avoid, I am sure you're no more confused! So get the right foods and keep your dog happy and healthy.

Posted on 9:09 AM

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Sunday, June 14, 2015


Canine eye problems are an hindrance to dogs' health, which cause severe suffering. Eyes, are one of the most delicate body parts of humans, as well as, animals. Improper or neglected care and cleaning of eyes have all kinds of eye problems as possible repercussions. For example, your pets may at any time, encounter dust or dirt which may enter their eyes and cause eye problems like eye infections. The following information will let you know about different canine eye problems which are more common than other canine diseases.

Common Eye Disorders or Problems In Canines

Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis)
Several factors such as allergens (pollens, grasses, etc), infections caused by virus, bacteria or fungi may cause inflammation of the conjunctiva. This condition is referred to as conjunctivitis or pink eye; one of the most common canine eye problems. Symptoms to watch out for would be, as the name suggests, a prominent pinkish color of the dog's eye area or let's say, a 'meaty; appearance of the dog's conjunctiva. The dog will find it difficult to open its eye fully, due to the heavy discharge which gets collected around the eye area. This also makes the dog uncomfortable when it tries to blink. You may find your pet scratching its eye in order to reduce the itching caused due to the infection. The animal also becomes sensitive to bright light and so, could be seen spending time in dark corners of the house.

Cataracts
Canine eye problems such as cataracts (disease that involves the clouding or opacification of the natural lens of the eye) are considered to be an inherited disease. The development of cataracts in dogs may take weeks or even years in one or both the eyes. Here, the vision will slowly worsen over time and may progress to an extent of blindness. Symptom of a cataract is the development of a spot on the eye(s), which is of bluish gray in color or it may also mimic the appearance of a chip of ice.

Ingrowing Eyelids
In this canine eye problem, the dog's eyelids actually turn in. This disease can be inherited or may be a repercussion of continuous inflammation. Due to the eyelids which turn in, the eye lashes are caused to rub against the eye ball and this sometimes may give rise to a corneal ulcer. To detect this disease, gently pull the lids away from the dog's eye and release them. If you see that the lids turn in or cuff back in on themselves, then you should be alarmed of an in - growing eyelid problem and consult a veterinarian at the earliest.

Corneal Ulcers
Dogs usually have a full recuperation from corneal ulcers. The onset of ulcers have accidents, eye conformation, dry eyes, herpesvirus-1 infection, etc., as their cause. Partially closed eyes or lots of tear production, are the major signs of your dog suffering from corneal ulcers. These ulcers are painful too and so the dog can be seen pawing at the effected eye.

Cherry Eye
In dogs, each eye has a third eyelid in its corner, which contains a tear gland. Now the gland of this eyelid may prolapse or come out of its normal position and swell. This condition is known as a cherry eye. One or both the eyes may get affected by this disease. What causes such canine eye problems is not known. However, it is believed that if the connective tissue that attaches the gland to the surrounding structures of the eye is weakened, then the risk of the development of the disease increases.

These were some canine eye problems, which most dogs are diagnosed with. Such and many other problems might range from being mild to severe. Mild cases can be treated without causing much problem to the pets' health. However, it is most likely that you may have to consult a veterinary ophthalmologist, in order to take care of severe cases. Speaking of prevention, proper pet care is what is required to keep your pet companions from all such nasty diseases and helping them to be happier and healthier.

Posted on 4:34 PM

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Constipation or passing hard and dry stoolS not only causes discomfort in dogs but can also lead to serious illnesses or diseases in them, as the stool is unable to move in the system and the colon gets impacted. Deficiency of fibers in the diet or lack of exercise, work or play, which otherwise keeps the dog active and healthy can lead to constipation or other bowel problems in dogs. Usually, dogs like grooming themselves by licking their bodies, which leads to ingestion of fur that gets entangled with the feces and prevents normal bowel movements. Sometimes, dogs develop a habit of eating gravel, stones, dirt, bones, or plants, which can be another cause for passing sharp and painful stools, often leading to straining and discomfort. A sudden change in the diet or daily routine can also lead to constipation in dogs as they may have a hard time adjusting. Although there are several reasons for stool problems in dogs, following are some stool softeners that will help to overcome these problems.

Regular Stool Softeners

Lactulose: It is a syrup sold under different brand names like Enulose, Cephulac, and Chronulac. Lactulose is indigestible, and so directly reaches the dog's large intestine tract where it is broken down by bacteria to release different acids that attract stool softening water to the bowel. Its recommended dosage is 1ml per 2lbs. of weight every 8 hours, until the bowel movements are normal.

Docusate: It is a surfactant that functions by increasing the amount of water and food absorbed by the dog's intestine. Earlier known as DSS, its recommended dosage is 50mg tablets every day until the bowel movements are normal.

Psyllium Seed Husks: It's one of the most common canine stool softener sold under brand names like Metamucil. It works by absorbing the water in the intestine and swelling it into a stool softening gel. Its recommended dosage for small dogs is tsp and for larger dogs is 2 tsp twice a day, combined with broth or food. Also being a puppy stool softener, make sure your dog is drinking enough water while taking psyllium, so that it passes through the stomach without congealing.

Bisacodyl: It's another stool softener that works by stimulating the pelvic nerves to increase the motility of the colon. However, this type of nerve stimulation should not be done frequently, and the medication should be taken under the finite course.

Natural Stool Softeners

Water: One of the best way to prevent constipation is to keep your dog hydrated by making him drink enough water to loosen the dried up stool in the system and ease up the process.

High-Fiber Cereal: High-fiber breakfast cereal is a natural canine stool softener which can be given to the dog once a day, until the stools are normal. However, while choosing the best high-fiber cereal for your dog, avoid food ingredients like macadamia nuts, chocolate, or raisins.

Pumpkin: Canned pumpkins are considered to be the most palatable stool softener for dogs. Adding a few chunks in the dog's meal will keep the stool from drying and becoming hard.

Other than water, the above mentioned stool softener for dogs should only be given when the dog is constipated or when recommended by a veterinarian. Follow the dietary recommendations suggested by the vet, and monitor your dog's general activities and appetite to ensure that your pet is having normal bowel movements.

Posted on 5:07 AM

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Saturday, June 13, 2015

Dogs are the most favorite and fantastic pets ever, and most people will agree with this. Many people want to have dogs as pets, but simply curb the very thought, for they have small homes and children around, hence, not very feasible to get a pet home. But as a matter of fact, every child loves to have a pet and finds a great companion in him. Dogs make your child more responsible and compassionate. They evoke a fresh sense of responsibility and fun in your child. Moreover, pet dogs are stress busters and entertaining after a long hectic day. So, if you have given into your child's pestering about getting a dog home, then you ought to know about the best small family dog breeds. Take a look at the best available options.

When it comes to small dogs, one has to consider a lot of factors before getting him home. First and foremost, it is important to know, that although dogs are cute and adorable companions, they come in with a lot of hard work initially. After he settles and becomes one amongst your family, then you don't have to worry much. Now, small dogs require less grooming (thanks to their size) and minimal exercise, hence, well suited for living in an apartment or studio. Moreover, it is very important to make sure they are well-behaved around kids, since most of the dogs do not tolerate any abuse done to them (like pulling their tail, pinching them and so on), and might bite in self-defense. Find out here about the most docile, patient and tolerant dog.

Best Small Family Dogs

1 Bulldog
The most docile and loyal of all the five dogs mentioned here. They are known to gel well with children and other animals. They are masculine, strong, and have characteristic features like undershot bite, drooping eyes, sharp-pointed canines, and a very short tail. These dogs that don't shed and are quite self tamed or well-behaved. They require minimal exercise, so they are well suited for living in small homes. They are loyal and get so emotionally attached to their masters, that wouldn't even venture out without their company.
bulldog

2 Yorkshire Terrier
A Yorkie is more like a soft toy than a dog breed. Its coat is soft and fluffy, but requires a lot of attention to maintain. One has to keep trimming and brushing its coat to maintain that luster and softness. They are active, loving and display soft temperaments. Although tiny, this breed is active, bold and very brave. They bark too much and sometimes to raise the alarm, making them good watchdogs as well. Yorkies make good companions and great family pets.
yorkie

3 Chihuahua
Chihuahua is one of the smallest breed of dogs, but despite having a small body, it is actually strong and racy. They are lively, energetic, entertaining and fun to be around while at home. They love cuddling up on the lap and do not have problem getting along with children. They are quick learners and respond very well to their training. Grooming is quite easy with the chihuahua, thanks to their size, but need brushing occasionally as they tend to shed a little (very little). They are delicate and tend to live indoors, hence well suited for small houses.
chihuahua

4 Lhasa Apso
Lhasa Apso is a small but sturdy dog. It has a long body, short legs, furry tail and a silky double coat that covers the entire body. This breed makes good family dogs as they are full of life, friendly, loyal and well-behaved. They are low shedders but demand a good amount of grooming to keep its coat silky and soft. They get along with children but do not tolerate abuse, hence, one has to be careful on that aspect. They are great fun around older kids though.
lhasa-apso

5 Pugs
Pugs are the most friendly, well-behaved, fun-loving, and the most compact dogs. They have a short and stout body, with the tail curled in tightly. The facial wrinkles, protruding eyes, and the under-hung bite, looks absolutely cute. They are sociable and get along well with strangers as well, therefore, do not make good watch dogs. They develop a strong bond with their owners and become jealous if ignored. They tend to overeat and become plump which might lead to some health issues. They weigh less than 20lbs and are suitable for small homes like apartments or studios.
pug

Other Small Family Dog Breeds

It would only be unfair if the other types or breeds are not included. List below are a few of the other family dogs you must consider as well.
  • Affenpinscher
  • Australian Terrier
  • Bichon Frise
  • Bolognese
  • Border Terrier
  • Cairn Terrier
  • Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
  • Chinese Crested Dog
  • Cocker spaniel
  • Coton De Tulear
  • Collie
  • Dachshund
  • Golden retriever
  • Griffon Bruxellios
  • Italian Greyhound
  • Jack Russell Terrier
  • Japanese Spaniel
  • Kyi-Leo
  • Lakeland Terrier
  • Lancashire Heeler
  • Maltese
  • Norfolk Terrier
  • Norwegian Lundehund
  • Norwich Terrier
  • Papillon
  • Patterdale Terrier
  • Pekingese
  • Pomeranian
  • Portuguese Water Dog
  • Schnauzer
  • Sealyham Terrier
  • Schipperke
  • Shetland Sheepdog
  • Shih Tzu
  • Silky Terrier
  • Smooth Fox Terrier
  • Standard poodle
  • Tibetan Spaniel
  • Welsh Terrier
  • West Highland White Terrier
  • Wire Fox Terrier
  • Zuchon
With small dogs, you have such a wide variety in their appearances, behavior and breeds, that it is impossible not to find the one that just perfectly matches your terms and conditions. Get one home and enhance your living experience!

Posted on 6:04 PM

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Every dog owner is well acquainted with the fact that once a pup gets adjusted into the new family and new home, it considers everything and everyone there to be its own. Just like we humans hesitate to share stuff with others, especially people whom we don't know, dogs too, have similar preferences. Moreover, they are quite territorial in nature, especially when it comes to other dogs or pets. Being a dog lover, you might feel that having just one dog is not really enough and you might consider getting your dog a companion. Introducing a new puppy to your dog could be quite a task, unless you prepare yourself as well as your dog thoroughly, well in advance.

Before Introducing a New Puppy to an Older Dog

You may love the idea of having another dog around, but your dog may not find this idea that pleasing. Unless two dogs are brought up together since they were pups, both dogs will find it difficult to accept each other as companions. Therefore, once you have decided on getting home another dog, give your dog enough time to accept and adjust to the fact that he is going to be having a companion soon.

Introducing a New Puppy to Your Old Dog

Communicate the Idea
Talk it about having another dog around, about the advantages and fun that they can have together. All dogs understand a part of what their owner is trying to convey to them, so be assured that it will at least get a hint of what you are planning for it.

Start Training
Since you are aware of your dog's nature in general, you would also know its behavior in the presence of other dogs. If your dog gets aggressive and snappy while around other dogs, you will have to provide it with behavioral training to rectify this problem. If not, it could pose a big problem after you bring home the new pup. Your dog should not be too submissive or else it would allow the new pup to bully it which may even lead to your dog landing in depression. This can also be rectified through training. To be more precise, you need to teach your dog to be friendly when in the company of another dog.

Introduction
Your dog should get familiar with the new pup in a place where there are other dogs as well. This will also allow introducing a new puppy to other dogs. Your dog may also be able to watch and learn how the other dogs behave and interact with the pup. Let your dog sniff around the pup as this is how they greet each other. Do not show excessive fondness towards the new pup, as this may trigger aggressiveness in your dog. Encourage both the dogs by speaking lovingly and reinforcing that they are behaving well. Your dog and the new pup should meet at least twice before the pup finally comes home.

Welcoming the New Pup
Before you can bring home the pup, make sure you keep away all those things that your dog is possessive and territorial about, like its feeding bowl, toys, etc. When the pup comes home, leave your dog and the pup on their own for a while. Observe their behavior and let the pup introduce himself to its new home. Do not show more fondness or pamper the pup too much as this would certainly annoy your older dog. Try to be as neutral as possible with both.

You will need to have a lot of patience while introducing a new pup to your dog and while both the dogs adjust with each other. Discourage them from fighting and reward them for good and friendly behavior. Training the pup would be really easy as it will learn most of the things from your older dog. You should provide separate feeding and water bowls, toys and treats to both. Also make sure that your older dog does not feel neglected or left out because of the arrival of the new pup.

Posted on 12:06 PM

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They are lovable, they are faithful and they are good companions - who am I talking about? Man's best friend - dogs of course! Yet, some people hesitate while keeping a pet dog, the reason being their loud and constant barking. Constant barking disturbs not only the owner of the dog, but also the entire neighborhood! But we should understand that barking is a way of communication for dogs. Though we consider all sounds of the dog as dog barking, there are different sounds which mean different things. E.g. dogs howl when they want to give a warning, and when their bark is long, it means they need company. Many of us prefer small dogs as they are easy to maintain and require less dog care. They also look cute when compared to big dogs. It is a misconception that dogs which are small in size bark less, although, there are certain types of dogs which are small, and also bark less.

7 Small Dogs that Don't Bark

Basenji: The nickname of this dog says it all - Basenji is called the barkless dog! Basenji is a small dog breed which is always alert. These dogs are considered unique as they do not bark, but are sometimes known to make yodeling sounds. The Basenji dog breed belongs to Africa and they are known for their elegance. They are not tall, but they are long and their tails are always in a tight curl. Unlike other dogs, Basenji dogs hate water! Also, if you want to make your barkless dog happy, bring home another Basenji, as they like company! Although these dogs have been used for hunting purposes, they also make good house pets.

Japanese Chin: The Japanese Chin is a cute and cuddly lap dog, also known as the Japanese Spaniel. These dogs look royal. In fact, it is said that these dogs were gifted to royal families in Japan. Japanese Chin dogs are very quiet. They bark only to alert their owner. These dogs like children, and are also very obedient. So Japanese Chin dogs also figure in the list of small dogs that don't bark. Japanese Chins are smart, friendly and simply love company! Another unique feature of Japanese Chins is that they show cat like behavior. Like cats, they prefer to sit on raised surfaces, and are also known to walk around stealthily just like cats!

French Bulldog: French bulldogs do not bark without a cause. They are small and serious looking dogs, just like other bulldogs. They also have large ears. French dogs are very entertaining, and hence are often referred to as clowns. A French bulldog will entertain you for hours, with its hilarious movements, like rolling and jumping. But contradictorily, they are also known to be stubborn dogs. So dog training might be a slightly uphill task, so take it easy. Also, these dogs tend to gain weight fast, so it is necessary for them to remain active.

Bull Terrier (Miniature): Miniature Bull terriers are different from the conventional bull terriers. They are smaller in size, and also a lot quieter than the bull terrier. Miniature bull terriers are short and thin, with a long face. It is a British dog breed. Bull terrier miniatures have short hair and so, dog grooming can be easily done with these dogs. Bull terriers are known to be courageous dogs who get very attached to their owners. If you have other pets, you need to be very firm with bull terriers, otherwise they can get very aggressive with other pets.

Havanese Dogs: Next on the list of small dogs that do not bark is the Havanese dog. Havanese are toy dogs. They look extremely cute and bark minimally. Even dog haters will fall in love with dogs after looking at Havanese dogs. They also get along well with other pets, including cats. It's quite easy to train a Havanese dog, and this is the reason they are seen widely in circuses. Havanese are very good watch dogs as well.

Schnauzer (Miniature): Schnauzer miniatures are short and sturdy dogs. Schnauzers are one of the best watchdogs. They have a lot of fur all over their body, especially around their face. Another unique feature of Schnauzers is that they are very active and intelligent. They are also perky and can invite trouble as they have a habit of challenging dogs who are a lot bigger than them! They like to please their owners and can also get possessive about them.

Bouvier des Flandres: Bouvier des Flandres is originally a Belgian dog. It is renowned as a watchdog, although it is very gentle in nature. Like Schnauzers, it also has a lot of fur on its body. Bouvier des Flandres have long necks which give them a giant look, though they are actually quite short. These dogs are very strong and are famous for their loyalty.

There are a few other dogs that don't bark, but they are not small in size. These include Chesapeake Bay Retrievers, Clumber Spaniels etc. With so many varieties of small dogs that don't bark, you can choose a dog according to your liking. So, enjoy the company of your non-barking dog!

Posted on 5:39 AM

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Wednesday, June 10, 2015


Rabies elicits fear in one and all, and very rightly so. It is one of the most dreaded dog illnesses, as there is no cure or treatment for this disease that is caused by a deadly virus. This virus is shed with the saliva of an infected animal. When such an animal bites a healthy animal, the virus enters the body of the bitten creature. It then travels through the nerves to the spinal cord, from where it reaches the brain. A dog that has thus contracted the disease, will not show the symptoms until the virus has reached the brain. The incubation period of rabies in dogs varies greatly. However, it ranges from two to eight weeks.

Symptoms
There are three stages of rabies. A dog may go through any one or all the stages. However, death is certain. As a dog moves through the various stages of rabies, it will show the symptoms specific to each stage. The different stages and their symptoms are:

Prodromal Phase
During this stage, dogs show nervousness and anxiety. While friendly dogs become shy and avoid interaction with human beings and other animals, aggressive canines appear docile. Some may even have fever. Most infected animals constantly lick the part of their body that was bitten. This stage lasts for about 2 to 3 days in dogs.

Furious Phase
Dogs, in this phase, show more erratic behavior. They become restless, more aggressive and show an increased urge to eat, even non-edible things. They are seen roaming or pacing around the house and if caged, dogs are observed to bite and attack the enclosures. Disorientation and seizures are commonly seen. Some dogs suffering from the disease may die or enter the next phase. This phase lasts from 1 to 7 days.

Paralytic Phase
As the nerves in the head and throat are affected, the infected dog will start drooling and will not be able to swallow. Hence, dogs, in this stage of rabies, avoid drinking water or fluids. Due to this behavior, rabies is also known as 'hydrophobia', which means fear of water. The lower jaw of a rabid dog (dog suffering from rabies) seems to be constantly hanging as the muscles of the face and diaphragm get paralyzed. As the condition progresses, the animal may experience respiratory failure and eventually die.

As soon as one sees any of the rabies symptoms in a dog, the person must inform the local authorities. It is important to stay away from rabid dogs, even if they are pets, as this disease does get transmitted from animals to human beings.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis of rabies in dogs is difficult as they behave normally, until the virus has already infected the brain tissue. A dog may already have rabies virus dividing in the cells of its body, but does not show any physical changes. There are no blood tests either that can confirm the presence of the disease-causing micro-organisms (the virus) inside the body. The only diagnosis possible is to examine the brain tissue of the dog and this is possible only after the animal is dead. So sadly, for dogs suffering from rabies, euthanasia is required.

Treatment
As already mentioned, rabies cannot be treated or cured. Hence, adopting preventive measures against rabies is the best approach to deal with this disease. Vaccination is an important aspect of proper dog care. There are rabies shots for dogs that need to be administered to ensure protection against the virus. Rabies vaccine for dogs involves introducing a small dose of the killed virus into the dog's body. This triggers the production of antibodies in the dog that fight future infection without actually causing the disease.

It is important to minimize exposure of one's pet to wildlife to protect it from rabies. Whenever you take your dog out, leash walk it or keep a careful eye on it. Rabies is very common in wild animals like bats, raccoons, coyotes and foxes. These creatures of the wild are the primary source of infection in domestic animals. Be careful of any rabid animal, even if it appears calm and tame.

Surveillance of rabies is very important to control the disease. Any incidence of a domestic animal contracting the virus should be reported to the authorities. Rabies is not only dangerous to animals, but human beings are also at an equal risk of dying from it. There are a number of cases, where the disease has been transmitted to their human owners. Proper care and timely vaccination are the only way to prevent our canine friends from suffering the miseries of this fatal disease.

Posted on 1:50 PM

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